Need For Battery Management System In Electric Vehicle

A battery management system or BMS in short is a technology which monitors and manages rechargeable battery in such a way that it works efficiently and safely. BMS is a technology dedicated too monitoring a battery pack which is an assembly of battery cells organised in row x column matrix configuration. It is designed in such a way that it monitors and collects data of battery packs and individual cells, then applies that to eliminating risk and optimising battery performance. electric vehicles run on lithium-ion batteries, the market is full of affordable lithium-ion battery suppliers but just the availability of lithium-ion batteries is not enough for an electric vehicle. lithium-ion BMS is equally important as it cannot run safely without it. Battery Management System (BMS) suppliers play a key role in the EV industry supply chain of BMS needs to be maintained and this supply chain is maintained by Battery Management System (BMS) suppliers.

BMS has some primary functions in an electric vehicle battery 

1 . Ensuring Safety Of Vehicle: it is the main job of BMS in electric vehicle batteries since they run on high voltage lithium-ion batteries which have a high density as compared to others and hence they are at more risk of catching fire under unusual circumstances. So they need to be operated safely, this is where the role of BMS comes from. BMS not only monitors parameters like temperature, voltage and power but as soon as it detects any abnormality it quickly turns on whatever safety mechanism it has. For example, it has a thermal management system which monitors the temperature and takes necessary action like triggering a cooling mechanism or ceasing the operation if required. overcharging can also lead to an explosion, BMS monitors the voltage of cells and cuts the power off as soon it detects overcharging as well as ensures the body of the vehicle is isolated from the battery pack. Electric vehicles are one of the wonderful Green energy solutions but ensuring their safety is of paramount importance and this is done by BMS. 

2. Optimising Performance Of Battery: ITS second responsibility is optimising battery performance. overcharging as well as deep discharging both can reduce efficiency as well as the life of the battery. Maintenance of the state of charge is very important in lithium-ion batteries. all lithium-ion BMS suppliers make sure that their BMS maintains the state of charge perfectly. all lithium-ion BMS suppliers make sure that their BMS has a system that sends a message to EVSE during charging and a motor controller during discharge so that vehicle can show the corresponding message and the user can take the appropriate action. It also controls recharging through regenerative breaks. BMS also helps cell balancing, by using active or passive balancing techniques, which is very important for performance optimisation. Electric vehicles are one of the Green energy solutions which the world is looking forward to and for EVs to be successful battery performance is so very crucial, this is ensured by BMS.

3. Monitoring State Of Health Of Battery Pack: it monitors both SOC AND SOH. SOC is available energy and SOH is the present capacity of the cell as compared to the original capacity. Knowing both are important as SOC tells how far the vehicle can go and SOH tells whether the condition of the battery pack is capable of carrying its current application. It also checks and monitors abnormalities and collects data on them. .

4. Communication with ECU: Relays data regarding battery parameters to the motor controller and in case of charging it communicates with the charger. It helps in the smooth running and controlled charging of vehicles and battery packs. In the case of dc charging direct link between EVSE and BMS is established. 

Hence electric vehicles cannot operate without BMS.